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| LS - Letter Signed and MsLS - Manuscript Letter Signed; the text of the letter was written by another person, usually a secretary or clerk; the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| ALS - Autograph Letter Signed; the entire letter, text as well as signature, is in the hand of the author. |
| TLS - Typed Letter Signed; the text of the letter is typewritten; the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| DS - Document Signed; the text of the document was written by another person, usually a secretary or clerk; the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| ADS - Autograph Document Signed; the entire document, text as well as signature, is in the hand of the author. |
| TDS - Typed Document Signed; the text of the document is typewritten; the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| MsS - Manuscript Signed; the text of the manuscript was written by another person, usually a secretary or a clerk; the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| AMsS - Autograph Manuscript Signed; the entire manuscript, text as well as signature, is in the hand of the author. |
| TMsS - Typed Manuscript Signed; the text of the manuscript is typewritten; the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| NS - Note Signed; a brief message in which the text was written by another person, usually a secretary or clerk; the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| ANS - Autograph Note Signed; a brief message in which the text as well as the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| TNS - Typed Note Signed; a brief message in which the text is typewritten; the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| AQS - Autograph Quotation Signed; the entire quotation, text as well as signature, is in the hand of the author. |
| TQS - Typed Quotation Signed; the text of the quotation is typewritten; the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| AMusQS - Autograph Musical Quotation Signed; an excerpt from a musical work, usually a few bars of music, that is entirely in the hand of and signed by the composer. |
| PCS - Postcard Signed; the text of the postcard was written by another person, usually a secretary or a clerk; the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| APCS - Autograph Postcard Signed; the entire postcard, text as well as signature, is in the hand of the author. |
| TPCS - Typed Postcard Signed; the text of the postcard is typewritten; the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| ES - Endorsement Signed; an endorsement is a notation on a document or letter made by the recipient, perhaps to approve or disapprove an action, to forward the piece, or to comment on it. The endorsement may be written in the margin, on the reverse, or on an accompanying page. In an Endorsement Signed, the text of the endorsement is written by another person, usually a secretary or clerk; the signature is in the hand of the author. |
| AES - Autograph Endorsement Signed; the entire endorsement, text as well as signature, is in the hand of the author. For an explanation of an endorsement, see the preceding entry. |
| SP - Signed Photograph; a photo that is signed by the subject. |
| CDV - Carte-de-visite photograph; a type of photo common in the 19th century in which the photographic image is mounted to a slightly larger card; the overall size of such photos is approximately 2 1/2" wide by 4" high. |
| Cabinet Photo; a type of photo that became popular in the 19th century in which the image, usually measuring about 3-3/4 inches by 5-1/2 inches, is mounted on a slightly larger card, for an overall size of about 5" by 7". The name of the photographer is often imprinted in the bottom margin of the mount. |
| PcP - Postcard Photo; a photo that is printed on one side of a postcard. |
| FDC - First Day Cover; an envelope bearing a stamp cancelled on the first day the stamp was issued. These covers often have a special design or imprint honoring the same subject as the stamp. |
| Size Abbreviations: Folio - usually legal size (9" x 14") or larger; 4to - approximately 8" x 12"; 8vo - approximately 6" x 9"; 12mo - approximately 4" x 6"; 16mo - approximately 2" x 3". |
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